Spelling rules

• If a verb ends in -e, you add -d.

agree → agreed
like → liked
escape → escaped

• If a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is usually doubled before -ed.

stop → stopped
plan → planned

• If a verb ends in consonant and -y, you take off the y and add -ied.

try → tried
carry → carried        

• But if the word ends in a vowel and -y, you add -ed.

play → played
enjoy → enjoyed

Pronunciation

There are three kinds of pronunciation: /d/, /t/ and /ɪd/. Look at the table below.

/d/ is easier to say after arrive

/t/ is easier to say after ask.

For /ɪd/, the infinitive ends in a /d/ or a /t/ sound already, so you must add an extra syllable for these verbs.